Muscles
Muscle Fibres
A muscle fibre is a cylindrical, multinucleate cell composed of numerous myofibrils that contracts when stimulated. Skeletal muscles contain two types of muscle fibres: Fast fibres and slow fibres. Fast muscle fibres are called Type 2 fibres, while slow fibres are Type 1 fibres. They affect a variety of things in the body; including the blood supply, the stores of myoglobin and mitochondria, cell respiration, and the lack or prevalence of stamina and strength.
http://www.synergy-athletics.com/effective-strength-training/whats-your-type-muscle-fibers-explained/
Very helpful! super detailed
Very helpful! super detailed
Fast and Slow Muscle Fibres
Fast muscle fibres contract more rapidly and exert more force per unit of area than slow muscle fibres. They can release large amounts of energy for a short period of time by anaerobic respiration, and are therefore quite useful in high-intensity exercises, such as sprints. On the other hand, slow muscle fibres release energy more slowly by aerobic cell respiration, but can continue for longer. This is important in endurance running, such as marathons.
Good link showing the effects of said muscle fibers to athletic performance
Significance to Athletic Performance
Moderate-intensity exercise encourages the development of slow fibres, such as distance running. High-intensity exercises such as sprinting and weightlifting encourage the development of fast fibres. This knowledge correlates perfectly with data found on the proportion of fast to slow fibres in elite atheletes.
A study stated that on average, sprinters and throwers had a much higher percentage of fast fibres (around 65%) than long-distance runners did (20%). This is significant because it shows a clear link between biology and athletic perfomance in the real world.
This is a great video explaining the significance of fast and slow fibres to athletic performance
Sources
"Muscles and Fitness." Biology for the IB Diploma. Oxford: Oxford University , 2007. 116. Print.
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